Sunday, November 17, 2024

 3-WAY active splitter

This is a 3-WAY splitter with the ability to connect a preamplifier with a large dynamic range and gain up to 18dB. This preamplifier can compensate for split losses. It can also add gain up to 10dB.

Both current and voltage protection are included. The gain of the amplifier can be adjusted from the front panel.

Link to web page with manual

block diagram
Examples

Measurements

 YAESU PTT splitter - RCA output, INH input


Today's standard is PTT output and input on RCA connector. However, the YAESU TRX does not have these connectors. For many users, it is not easy to connect an external device to the TRX that needs a PTT signal. 

For this purpose, a simple box has been created that contains two separate PTT outputs on RCA and one INHIBIT input. These signals are connected to the MINI DIN connector of the TUNER. The signals for the TUNER are also pass-through and will not restrict its connection.

The box includes optical isolation of the PTT and INH signals.

Two versions are available - they differ only in the INH input. The first version has INH active when connected to ground. In the second (MK2) version, an internal jumper can be used to set when INH is active.

There are links for:

MK1 version with simply INHIBIT

MK2 version with INHIBIT jumper



Main functions

  • Adapter from YAESU TUNER connector
  • Protecting TRX from accessories - opto isolators
  • Minimal delay
  • Two independent PTT outputs
  • PTT output FET switch - DC 30V 1A
  • PTT, INH LED indicator
  • INH with Jumper for 3 different states
  • RCA connectors
  • Mini-DIN 8 1.5m cable included
  • 4pcs self adhesive feet pads included
  • Aluminium enclosure: W x H x L = 58 x 24 x 50 mm


Parameters

  • Optocoupler isolators protecting TRX PTT out
  • Output FET switch 30 V 1A for each port
  • 3 states INHIBIT (internal jumper)
  • DC power OUT TUNER PTC fuse 1.1A
  • TUNER mini-DIN 8 connector
  • PCB size 50x50.4 mm

Inhibit (MK2 version)

  • Internal jumper to set
  • INH active when grounded
  • INH deactivated when grounded
  • INH activated by positive voltage

MK2 version with INHIBIT jumper

Example to use INHIBIT

An example with a device where RF power is blocked until PTT feedback occurs. Protecting the connected device (here RX Audite) from transmitting into the RX path.

 NOTE: Both jumpers in right position - second jumper settings at picture - jumper settings.


Example of use with Easy Controller 6-2, where the PTT output from the controller unblocks the RF output from the TRX. This watchdog prevents transmissions where the same ANT would be accidentally selected for both TRX - Manual switching and switching from USB or Wi-Fi.

 NOTE: Both jumpers in right position - second jumper settings at picture - jumper settings.






Tuesday, November 5, 2024

 Tropo DX at LoRa APRS 433 MHz






Late October and early November brought exceptional conditions for long distance DX contacts. The result was not only great result of OL7M guys in MMC contest, but also new and beautiful DX on LoRa APRS. 


The longest two-way contact was achieved from Koruna 1100m asl - isn't that even a LoRa 433MHz world record over land?

F4JPO-10 from JN08wt 1057km
F1ZFC-10 from JN09xi 1039km

And stations which heard me:

RIG there is TTGO LoRa32 with around 30mW and home made 4el. collinear antenna. Installed at the top of the tree in 1100m asl. Solar powered with rest LoRa toys. More there.

The conditions also favoured the lower positions. Here are the weather stations located around the hills in my area. One nice DX came through my apartment window. On the 5th floor with a small 3D printed dipole - OK2ZAW-23.
There is a 3D printed dipole, like on the other weather stations as well. They are all solar panel powered and have RF power around 50mW.



And there were also nice DX for YO gateways... like YO2B-10






Tuesday, August 13, 2024

Update at solar site in Eagle Mountains: LoRa APRS digi, WX, MeshCom, Meshtastic, LoRa PR





After a long time I finally found the time and made a day trip to the Eagle Mountains to inspect and upgrade the solar site. The trip got a bit complicated when I discovered that I didn't have the keys to QTH OL7M :) Fortunately it was sorted out - thanks Káťo. We loaded up the ladder and headed for the mountains. The morning rain turned into hot and sweltering heat at 1100m. 

I planned to change the batteries and most importantly add new technologies - Meshtastic and MeshCom. I also replaced the SD card in the raspberry PI zero for the LoRa Packet Radio to make both LoRa TRXs operational. Replaced the LoRa APRS WX station etc.

In the end it was a 4h job...

I installed new dipole for 433 and 868 MHz on one boom. 868 MHz is used for LoRa APRS WX station and 433 MHz for MeshCom. There is also new 3el collinear antenna for 868 MHz with 433 MHz filter for Meshtastic.

The power system works by having a main 12V 17Ah battery, this is charged by two solar panels 10 and 20W. My own MPPT charging boards also have battery discharge protection and their own DC-DC converter for 3V3 and 5V. Either board powers 3V3 stuff, like the LoRa APRS Digi and the 5V Raspberry PI zero board. The 3V3 board shuts off the battery when it drops to 11.5V and the 5V board at 12V. The weather station has its own 18650 battery that powers the LoRa APRS WX and the RAK 19003 for the Meshtastic. This metostation monitors and sends the main 12V battery voltage and Meshtastic sends the small battery voltage information. This WX station has its own small solar panel. 

In case the small battery in the WX station becomes disconnected, the main battery will be powered via 3V3 voltage.

There are now:

LoRa APRS digi - OK2ZAW-17
Frequency: 433775 kHz, slow 300bps
ANT: 4el collinear 
Link: APRS.FI
Coverage: there

LoRa APRS WX - OK4ZAW-16
Frequency: 869525 kHz, slow 300bps
ANT: dipole (with 433MHz) 
Link: APRS.FI

LoRa Packet Radio - OK2ZAW-1 and -7
BBS + NODE
Frequency TNC 1: 869525 kHz
preamble = 8 
spreadingFactor = 7
bandwidth = 250000
codingrate = 5 
Frequency TNC 2: 433075 kHz
preamble = 8 
spreadingFactor = 7
bandwidth = 62500
codingrate = 5 
ANT: H-pol Yagi to 210deg.

MeshCom
Project page here
Frequency: 433175 kHz
ANT: dipole (with 868MHz) 
Status: table

Meshtastic
Project page here
Frequency: 869525 kHz
ANT: 3el collinear
Status: graph
Antennas and power boards + raspberry PI zero and LoRa TRX


LoRa APRS WX board with own MPPT power system


LoRa Packet Radio - OK2ZAW-1 and -7

This is an experimental Packet Radio BBS and Node with two LoRa modems. You can find more (including SD card image) here

I tested the possibility of a 100km connection and with a small Yagi antenna there was no problem to communicate without failures. The signal was at 0 - 1dB SNR.

Test at 100km distance from JN79WK

MeshCom
This Austrian project is quite interesting and again uses LoRa modules and the 433.075 MHz frequency. It uses routing technology and so it is not only possible to send messages to users anywhere in the world possibly within a Radio Mesh network.
In the Eagle Mountains I installed a dipole towards approximately 310deg. Even so, I am able to communicate at 100km again only with the dipole at approximately -15dB SNR. When I experimented with the Yagi antenna I achieved up to 5dB SNR.




Are you interested in any of the projects? Feel free to get started :)

I also plan to offer KIT antennas - dipoles, collinear arrays including splitter and outdoor boxes...

Tuesday, June 4, 2024

 2m Es 3.6. 2024 (remote from SV2 holiday)





Yesterday, as part of our holiday in Greece, we visited the ruins of the ancient city of Olynthus. This monument reveals the remains of a city more than 3,000 years old. It's unbelievable that even back then they were able to build a 13km long water pipe to feed the fountain :) Today it would not be possible without the supermarket - development of society :) And it is also the development that can't be stopped - in a few moments I could see the remote desktop of my PC on my remote QTH. Something told me to connect and have a look and I couldn't stop wondering - CQ OD5VB. Beautiful signal, QSOs would be possible on SSB, but I'm not equipped for that. So at least FT8. The contact is made in a minute. Ant OD5VB disappears again in the noise. The distance is a nice 2450 km. Interestingly, after a while Pavel OK1ADT from the nearby QTH in Pardubice makes contact, but there is complete silence on the band for me.
After a while 4X/OM2IB and 4X1GA appear. Both only in one period.